University of Zenica, Zenica, Bosnia and Herzegovina
University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
Teme energetske tranzicije i zaštite okoliša sve su zastupljenije u javnom
prostoru, od nacionalnog konteksta, do agende međunarodnih organizacija. Ipak,
uvidom u postojeća istraživanja i izvještaje o ovim temama i procesima, stiče
se dojam da Bosna i Hercegovina zaostaje u unapređenju i očuvanju životne
sredine. U kontekstu ovih važnih procesa, jedinice lokalne samouprave nameću
se kao ključni dio ukupnog sistema bez kojeg ni zaštita okoliša ni energetska
tranzicija ne mogu biti potpuni. Stoga, ovaj pregledni članak nastoji povezati
različite aspekte vezane za „zelene“ teme koji se tiču Bosne i Hercegovine kroz
kratak pregled uključenosti Bosne i Hercegovine u djelovanje međunarodnih
organizacija, zatim kroz analizu političke ekonomije energetske tranzicije Bosne
i Hercegovine, te u konačnici kroz potencijale jedinica lokalne samouprave u
Federaciji Bosne i Hercegovine. Zaključci vezani za iste te potencijale, dati su
na osnovu pregleda zakonskih rješenja koji omogućavaju učešće jedinica lokalne
samouprave i primjere dobrih praksi iz drugih gradova i općina van Bosne i
Hercegovine. Imajući u vidu administrativno uređenje i opseg članka, fokus je na
Federaciji Bosne i Hercegovine i zakonskim rješenjima u oblasti zaštite okoliša.
Prema ovom pregledu, ustanovljena je neusklađenost zakonskih rješenja (zaštita
okoliša) ili njihov potpuni nedostatak (energetska tranzicija) kada su u pitanju
jedinice lokalne samouprave u Federaciji Bosne i Hercegovine. Ipak, potencijali
postoje i moguće ih je realizirati posebice kada su u pitanju energetska efikasnost,
učešća u projektima međunarodnih organizacija, razvijanje „smart“ gradova, te
edukacija stanovništva i poticanje građanske participacije.
The topics of energy transition and environmental protection are getting more
and more attention in the public space, from national contexts to the international
agenda. Nevertheless, taking into account existing research and official reports
related to these topics and processes, Bosnia and Herzegovina seems to be
lagging behind when it comes to improvement and protection of the environment.
In general terms, though, all conclusions point that local communities are an
essential part of the system without which both environmental protection or energy
transition can be complete. Therefore, this overview aims to connect variety of
aspects related to “green” topics in Bosnia and Herzegovina by offering a concise
insight relating to BiH’s involvement in and with the work of international
organizations, a look into political economy aspects of energy transition in Bosnia
and Herzegovina, and lastly a list of potentials for local communities in BiH. The
conclusions related to those potentials are given based on existing legal solutions
that allow participation of local self-government units in these processes as well
as best practice examples from other cities and municipalities outside of BiH.
Given the administrative make-up and the scope of this overview, the focus is put
on Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina and federation-level legal provisions
related to environmental protection. The overview notes disbalance among the
existing legal provisions (environmental protection) or a rather lack thereof
(energy transition) when it comes to local self-government units. Still, potentials
do exist and are implementable, especially when it comes to energy efficacy,
participation in international projects, development of “smart” cities and lastly,
education of the citizens and improving citizen participation.
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
The statements, opinions and data contained in the journal are solely those of the individual authors and contributors and not of the publisher and the editor(s). We stay neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.