U sistemu prava intelektualnog vlasništva, oznake geografskog porijekla
su segment u kojem Bosna i Hercegovina ima naveći potencijal. Uz to,
poljoprivredna proizvodnja jedna je od osnovnih privrednih grana Bosne
i Hercegovine. Sve veći zahtjevi za proizvodima domaćeg, provjerenog
porijekla, kao i zabrinutost kupaca za zdravstvene aspekte ishrane, proizvode sa
oznakom geografskog porijekla posljednjih nekoliko decenija stavljaju u fokus
interesovanja. Travnički/Vlašićki sir jedan je od domaćih, autohtonih, poznatih
proizvoda koji nije u potpunosti zaštićen oznakom geografskog porijekla pred
nadležnim Institutom za intelektualno vlasništvo Bosne i Hercegovine. Rad traga
za odgovorom na pitanje da li Travnički/Vlašićki sir ispunjava uslove za zaštitu
oznakom geografskog porijekla, te koji je prijedlog modaliteta zaštite. Rezultati
istraživanja pokazuju da proizvod ima dugogodišnju pozitivnu reputaciju, ali i
da je došlo do razdvajanja naziva na Travnički i Vlašićki sir, kao i razdvajanja
korištenih sirovina za proizvodnju, te geografskog područja proizvodnje. Zbog
toga se daje prijedlog da Vlašićki sir bude zaštićen kao geografska oznaka ili
eventualno ime porijekla za sir od ovčijeg mlijeka, dok bi naziv Travnički sir bio
zaštićen također kao geografska oznaka za sir od kravljeg mlijeka. 

In the system of intellectual property rights, geographical indications are the
area in which Bosnia and Herzegovina has the greatest potential. In addition,
agricultural production is one of the basic economic branches of Bosnia and
Herzegovina. Increasing demands for products of domestic, verified origin, as
well as customers’ concerns about health aspects of foodstuffs, have put products
with geographical indications in the focus of interest in last few decades. The
Travnik/Vlašić cheese is one of the domestic, autochthonous, well-known
products that is not fully protected geographicla indication before the competent
Institute for Intellectual Property of Bosnia and Herzegovina. The paper seeks an
answer to the question of whether Travnik/Vlašić cheese meets the conditions for
protection as geographical indication, and what would be appropriate modality
of protection. The research results show that product has a reputation, but also
that there was a separation of the names of Travnik and Vlašić cheese, as well as
a separation of the raw materials used for production, and the geographical area
of production. For this reason, the proposal is that Vlašić sir should be protected
as protected geographical indication for sheep’s milk cheese, while the name
Travnik cheese should also be protected as protected geographical indication for
cow’s milk cheese.

Najviše kontraverzi i rasprava u krivičnom pravu i etičkih problema savremene
civilizacije posljednjih nekoliko decenija izaziva eutanazija. Danas je jedan od
najkompleksnijih pravnih izazova europskih zemalja pokušaj što pravednijeg
i opravdanijeg pristupa rješavanju slučajeva koji se dotiču pitanja eutanazije.
Zagovornici eutanazije smatraju da čovjek općenito, a naročito u slučajevima
lošeg kvaliteta života, teške bolesti i patnje, ima pravo okončati vlastiti život.
S druge strane, protivnici eutanazije drže da niko nema pravo oduzeti život bez
obzira na okolnosti, jer život po sebi ima neprocjenjivu vrijednost koju ne može
narušiti loša kvaliteta života, bolest ili patnja. Najglasniji protivnici eutanazije su
religije. U središtu učenja velikih svjetskih religija, budizma, islama, kršćanstva
i judaizma jest nepovredivost i svetost ljudskog života, pri čemu se eutanazija
tumači kao jedna vrsta zla koja je protivna prirodnim i božanskim zakonima.
Riječ je, dakle, o vrlo složenom, svojevrsnom problemu o kojem su oblikovana
različita stajališta i kojeg nije lako pravno regulisati. S obzirom da je u samoj
suštini eutanazije ljudski život, te da se ona dotiče pojedinih temeljnih ljudskih
prava i sloboda čovjeka neizbježna je njena uključenost u praksu Europskog suda
za ljudska prava.

Euthanasia has caused the most controversy and debate in criminal law and
ethical issues of modern civilization in the last few decades. Today, one of the
most complex legal challenges in European countries is to try to take a fairer
and more just approach to resolving euthanasia cases. Proponents of euthanasia
believe that a person in general, and especially in cases of poor quality of life,
serious illness and suffering, has the right to end his own life. Opponents of
euthanasia, on the other hand, hold that no one has the right to take a life regardless
of the circumstances, because life itself is invaluable and cannot be impaired by
poor quality of life, illness or suffering. The loudest opponents of euthanasia are
religions. At the heart of the teachings of the world’s great religions, Buddhism,
Islam, Christianity and Judaism is the inviolability and sanctity of human life,
with euthanasia being interpreted as a kind of evil contrary to natural and divine
laws. It is, therefore, a very complex, unique problem on which different points
of view have been formed and which is not easy to legally regulate. Given
that the very essence of euthanasia is human life, and that it touches on certain
fundamental human rights and human freedoms, its involvement in the case law
of the European Court of Human Rights is inevitable.

Privrednim subjektima, prirodno motivisanim za što većim sticanjem dobiti, kao
i samim povećanjem plasmana i prodaje proizvoda, nije dozvoljeno poduzimanje
mjera i radnji kojima će se drugi tržišni akteri dovesti u neravnopravan položaj.
Postoje tri osnova oblika narušavanja prava konkurencije, dok je za potrebe ovog
rada u poseban fokus stavljen proces koncentracije privrednih subjekata. Ovaj
proces može biti ostvaren na različite načine te ga, samim tim, prati izuzetno
veliki broj specifičnosti koje moraju biti uzete u obzir, odnosno sagledane na
pravi način i iz više konteksta, da bi se pravilno procjenio njegov uticaj na
tržišnu strukturu. Zbog toga se nacionalnim zakonodavstvima propisuju jasne
procedure za koncentraciju privrednih subjekata, nastojeći na takav način pružiti
adekvatnu i potpunu zaštitu tržišta i svih njegovih sudionika. Obzirom da je
Bosna i Hercegovina direktno upućena na tržište Evropske unije, u fokus ovog
rada stavljen je detaljan prikaz strukture, odnosno legislativnog i institucionalnog
okvira prava konkurencije i koncentracije privrednih subjekata na području
Evropske unije i Bosne i Hercegovine.

Business entities, naturally motivated by making a bigger profit, as well as
improving placement and disposal of the their product, are not allowed to make
steps that will lead other business actors to a inferior position. There are three
main forms of violating the law of competition, but for the needs of this paper
main focus was put on the merger control of business entities. This proces can be
achived in different ways and because of that, is followed by enormous number
of specifities, which need to be taken in to considiration, that is to be percived in
the right way and in many contexts, in order to correctly estimate it’s effect on the
market structure. Consequently, national legislations are given clear procedures
for merger control of business entities, and by that aspire for adequate and whole
protection of the market and of all participants. Because Bosnia and Herzegovinais
directly involved in the market of European Union, in the focus of this paper was
put a detailed structural display, that is legislative and institutional frame for the
law of competition and merger control of business entities in the European Union
and Bosnia and Herzegovina.