U sistemu prava intelektualnog vlasništva, oznake geografskog porijekla
su segment u kojem Bosna i Hercegovina ima naveći potencijal. Uz to,
poljoprivredna proizvodnja jedna je od osnovnih privrednih grana Bosne
i Hercegovine. Sve veći zahtjevi za proizvodima domaćeg, provjerenog
porijekla, kao i zabrinutost kupaca za zdravstvene aspekte ishrane, proizvode sa
oznakom geografskog porijekla posljednjih nekoliko decenija stavljaju u fokus
interesovanja. Travnički/Vlašićki sir jedan je od domaćih, autohtonih, poznatih
proizvoda koji nije u potpunosti zaštićen oznakom geografskog porijekla pred
nadležnim Institutom za intelektualno vlasništvo Bosne i Hercegovine. Rad traga
za odgovorom na pitanje da li Travnički/Vlašićki sir ispunjava uslove za zaštitu
oznakom geografskog porijekla, te koji je prijedlog modaliteta zaštite. Rezultati
istraživanja pokazuju da proizvod ima dugogodišnju pozitivnu reputaciju, ali i
da je došlo do razdvajanja naziva na Travnički i Vlašićki sir, kao i razdvajanja
korištenih sirovina za proizvodnju, te geografskog područja proizvodnje. Zbog
toga se daje prijedlog da Vlašićki sir bude zaštićen kao geografska oznaka ili
eventualno ime porijekla za sir od ovčijeg mlijeka, dok bi naziv Travnički sir bio
zaštićen također kao geografska oznaka za sir od kravljeg mlijeka. 

In the system of intellectual property rights, geographical indications are the
area in which Bosnia and Herzegovina has the greatest potential. In addition,
agricultural production is one of the basic economic branches of Bosnia and
Herzegovina. Increasing demands for products of domestic, verified origin, as
well as customers’ concerns about health aspects of foodstuffs, have put products
with geographical indications in the focus of interest in last few decades. The
Travnik/Vlašić cheese is one of the domestic, autochthonous, well-known
products that is not fully protected geographicla indication before the competent
Institute for Intellectual Property of Bosnia and Herzegovina. The paper seeks an
answer to the question of whether Travnik/Vlašić cheese meets the conditions for
protection as geographical indication, and what would be appropriate modality
of protection. The research results show that product has a reputation, but also
that there was a separation of the names of Travnik and Vlašić cheese, as well as
a separation of the raw materials used for production, and the geographical area
of production. For this reason, the proposal is that Vlašić sir should be protected
as protected geographical indication for sheep’s milk cheese, while the name
Travnik cheese should also be protected as protected geographical indication for
cow’s milk cheese.

Dobra od općeg interesa se pojavljuju u obliku građevinskog zemljišta,
poljoprivrednog zemljišta, šuma i šumskog zemljišta i drugih dobara, a zbog svog
značaja uživaju posebno mjesto u privrednoekonomskom i pravnom sistemu, te
shodno tome za ista je tradicionalno osigurana posebna pravna zaštita.
Pravni režim na predmetnim dobrima je uređen Zakonom o stvarnim pravima,
posebnim propisima o građevinskom zemljištu, poljoprivrednom zemljištu,
šumama i šumskom zemljištu, te drugim posebnim propisima.
U vezi sa pravnom egzistencijom dobara od općeg interesa u prethodnom,
kao i u važećem pravnom sistemu dolazilo je do značajnih transformacija
stvarnih prava na ovim dobrima u pogledu uspostave državnog, društvenog ili
tradicionalnog prava vlasništva. U vezi sa ovim konstatovane su određene radnje
naročito od strane entiteta u cilju prisvajanja predmetnih dobara, što je dovelo
do sporova i odluka Ustavnog suda BiH, sa zauzetim stavovima, u pogledu
ustavnosti određenih zakona, te statusa i pripadnosti predmetnih dobara.
I pored toga što su brojne odredbe relevantnih entitetskih propisa u ovoj oblasti
stavljene van snage, još uvjek nije uslijedio proces njihove harmonizacije, te
donošenja odgovarajućih propisa od strane nadležnih organa države BiH, u cilju
uspostave odgovarajućeg normativnopravnog okvira radi potpunog i adekvatnog
uređenja ove oblasti. 

Goods of common interest exist in the form of construction land, agricultural
land, forests and forest land, and other assets. Due to their significance, they
hold a special place in the economic and legal system, and, accordingly, they
traditionally enjoy specific legal protection.
The legal regime for these goods is regulated by the Law on
Rights in rem, as well as particular rules regarding construction land,
agricultural land, forests and forest land, and other specific regulations.
Regarding the legal existence of goods of common interest in the previous as
well as the current legal system, significant transformations of rights in rem on
these assets have occurred in terms of establishing state, social, or traditional
ownership rights. In connection with this, certain actions, especially by entities,
aimed at appropriating these goods have been noted, leading to specific disputes
that resulted in special procedures and decisions, with established positions of the
Constitutional Court of Bosnia and Herzegovina regarding the constitutionality
of laws and the status and belonging of the subject goods.
Despite numerous provisions of relevant entity regulations in this area being
repealed, the process of their harmonization and the adoption of appropriate
regulations by the competent authorities of Bosnia and Herzegovina to establish
an adequate normative-legal framework for the complete and adequate regulation
of this area is still pending.

U ovom radu obrađen je institut prava građenja, koji je 2013. godine u pravni
sistem Federacije Bosne i Hercegovine uveden Zakonom o stvarnim pravima.
Ovaj Zakon o stvarnim pravima je u pravni sistem Federacije Bosne i Hercegovine
unio određeni broj novih pravnih rješenja kojima su izmijenjena dotadašnja
shvatanja i prakse u oblasti imovinsko-pravnih odnosa, a jedno od takvih rješenja
jeste i pravo građenja. Pravo građenja kao ograničeno stvarno pravo na zemljištu
ima svoje sličnosti sa drugim pravnim institutima, kao što su služnosti ili zakup,
ali se ipak od istih bitno razlikuje. Dakle, ovim radom obuhvaćen je historijski
kontekst koji je prethodio uvođenju instituta prava građenja u pravni sistem
Federacije Bosne i Hercegovine, pojam, pravna priroda i osnovne karakteristike
prava građenja, te svrha, način sticanja (osnivanja), zaštite i prestanak prava
građenja.

This paper deals with the concept of the right to build, which was introduced
into the legal system of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina in 2013 by the
Law on Property Rights. The Law on Property Rights has introduced a number
of new legal solutions into the legal system of the Federation of Bosnia and
Herzegovina, which have changed the previous understandings and practices in
the field of property and legal relations, and one of such solutions is the right to
build. The right to build as a limited property right on land has its own similarities
with other legal concepts, such as easements or leases, but it is nevertheless
significantly different from them. Therefore, this paper covers the historical
context that preceded the introduction of the concept of the right to build into
the legal system of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, the concept, legal
nature and basic characteristics of the right to build, and the purpose, manner of
acquisition (establishment), protection and termination of the right to build.