University of Zenica, Zenica, Bosnia and Herzegovina
University of Zenica, Zenica, Bosnia and Herzegovina
„Djela siročad“ predstavljaju specifičnu kategoriju autorskih djela, pa je,
samim tim, i njihov položaj u sistemu intelektualnog vlasništva specifičan.
Naime, predmet zaštite autorskog prava je autorsko djelo, kao originalno,
intelektualno ostvarenje iz književnog, umjetničkog i naučnog područja, koje
ima individualni karakter. Najčešće je sam autor nosilac autorskih prava. No, u
slučaju da autor djela ili njegov pravni sljednik, odnosno nosilac prava općenito,
nije poznat ili je poznat, ali ga se ne može locirati, tada se takvo autorsko djelo
smatra „djelom siročetom“.
Veliki broj djela siročadi je još uvijek zaštićen autorskim pravom, ali
savremeno doba nameće potrebu njihove digitalizacije, kako bi ta djela bila
dostupnija široj javnosti. To podrazumijeva uspostavljanje pravnog okvira koji
će olakšati digitalizaciju i širenje djela zaštićenih autorskim pravom, za koja se
ne može utvrditi ili pronaći nosilac prava.
Evropska unija je svojim propisima, prevashodno Direktivom o djelima
siročadi, pokušala usmjeriti države članice kako da regulišu pitanje zaštite i
korištenja ovih djela, s ciljem usaglašavanja nacionalnih propisa, ali taj proces
još uvijek nije završen i isti će, s obzirom na broj djela siročadi u različitim
arhivima, još dugo trajati.
Ova djela, čiji autori nisu poznati ili se ne mogu pronaći, čine značajan dio
svjetske kulturne baštine, ali se ista ne mogu koristiti prije nego što se poštujući
propisane uslove, izvrši pažljiva pretraga kako bi se njihovi autori utvrdili.
S tim u vezi, a s ciljem adekvatnije zaštite autora, pa i onih nepoznatih ili onih
koji se ne mogu locirati, potrebno je i bh zakonodavstvo uskladiti sa regulativom
Evropske unije.
“Orphan works” represent a specific category of copyrighted works, and
therefore their position in the intellectual property system is specific.
Namely, the subject of copyright protection is an author’s work, as an original,
intellectual achievement from the literary, artistic and scientific field, which has
an individual character. The author is usually the copyright holder. However, if
the author of the work or his legal successor, or the right holder in general, is not
known or is known, but it cannot be located, then such a work is considered as
an “orphan work”.
A large number of orphan works are still protected by copyright, but modern
times impose the need for their digitalisation, in order to make these works more
accessible to the general public. This means establishing a legal framework that
will facilitate the digitalisation and dissemination of copyrighted works, for
which no copyright holder can be identified or found.
The European Union, with its legislation, primarily the Orphans’ Work
Directive, has tried to guide Member States on how to regulate the protection
and the use of these acts, with a goal to harmonizing national regulations, but this
process is not yet complete due to different archives, and it will still take a long
time.
These works, whose authors are unknown or cannot be found, form a
significant part of the world cultural heritage, but they cannot be used prior a
careful search is carried out in order to determine their authors, in compliance
with the prescribed conditions.
In this regard, and with the aim of more adequate protection of authors, even
those unknown or those who cannot be located, it is necessary to harmonize BiH
legislation with European Union regulations.
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